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19. Ibid., 7.

20. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 91.

21. Quoted in Cox and Chestek, Doomsday Asteroid, 30.

22. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 59.

23. Ibid.

24. Ibid, 203.

25. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Serpent, 62; Hoyle, Ice, 141; Levy, Quest for Comets, 149.

26. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Serpent, 72.

27. Ibid.

28. Ibid, 72; Hoyle, Ice, 141.

29- Levy, Quest for Comets, 148.

30. Cox and Chesteck, Doomsday Asteroid, 298.

31. Ibid.

32. Evening Standard (London), 12 March 1998; Daily Telegraph (London), 13 March 1998; Guardian (London), 13 March 1998; Independent (London), 13 March 1998.

33. Lewis, Rain of Iron and Ice, 75.

34. Barnes-Svarney, Asteroid, 2; see also Palmer, Catastrophism, 6–7.

35. Duncan Steel, quoted in Verschuur, Impact, 112.

36. Barnes-Svarney, Asteroid, 168.

37. Ibid, 169.

38. Ibid.

39. Ibid.

40. Lewis, Rain of Iron and Ice, 86.

41. Ibid, 87.

42. Gribbin, Fire on Earth, 58; Verschuur, Impact, 33-

43. Verschuur, Impact, 33.

44. Lewis, Rain of Iron and Ice, 85.

45. Ibid.

46. Ibid, 86.

47. Ibid, 85.

48. Verschuur, Impact, 69.

49. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 105.

50. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, «Solar System».

51. Ibid.

52. Verschuur, Impact, 69.

53. Gribbin, Fire on Earth, 7Ъ-

54. Plato, Timaeus and Critias (London: Penguin Classics, 1977), 46.

55. Ibid.

56. David H. Levy, Impact Jupiter: The Crash of Comet Shoemaker-Levy-9 (New York and London: Plenum Press,

1995), 159.

57. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, «Jupiter».

58. Moore, Planets, 128.

59. Verschuur, Impact, 170.

60. Levy, Impact Jupiter, 259; Gribbin, Fire on Earth, 131.

61. Verschuur, Impact, 178; Levy, Impact Jupiter, 258–259.

62. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 248.

63. Levy, Impact Jupiter, 2.

64. Ibid, 45.

65. Ibid, 48—49-

66. Ibid, 49.

67. Ibid, 158.

68. Ibid.

69. Ibid, 167.

70. Ibid, 170.

71. Ibid.

72. Ibid, 173.

73. Verschuur, Impact, 187.

74. Levy, Impact Jupiter, 176.

75. Verschuur, Impact, 177,184.76. Ibid, 178.

77- Levy, Impact Jupiter, 210.

78. Caroline Shoemaker, quoted in Ibid, 113.

Глава 20. Апокалипсис наших дней

1. См. главу 18.

2. Owen В. Toon, et al, «Environmental Perturbations Caused by thelmpacts of Asteroids and Comets», Reviews of Geophysics 35 (February 1997): 46, 48—49-

3. Ibid, 47.

4. Hoyle and Wickramasinghe, Lifecloud, 107.

5. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Serpent, 81.

6. Trevor Palmer, «The Fall and Rise of Catastrophism», lecture delivered at Nottingham Trent University, 25 April 1996,11.

7. Emilio Spedicato, Apollo Objects (Bergamo, Italy: Instituto Universitario di Bergamo, 1990), 17.

8. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Winter, 222.

9. Ibid.

10. Ibid, 8.

11. Ibid.

12. Ibid, 8.

13. См. главу 18.

14. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Serpent, 99.

15. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Winter, 8–9.

16. Palmer, «Catastrophism lecture», 11.

17. Spedicato, Apollo Objects, 17.

18. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Serpent, 101.

19. Cited in Glen, Mass-Extinction Debates, 19-

20. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 57–58.

21. Lewis, Rain of Iron and Ice, 205.

22. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 49.

23- Verschuur, Impact, 159.

24. Palmer, Catastropbism, 6.

25. Levy, Quest for Comets, 205.

26. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 49.

27. Jack Hills and Patricia Goda, quoted in Lewis, Rain of Iron and Ice, 150.

28. Ibid.

29. Verschuur, Impact, 153.

30. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 40.

31. Verschuur, Impact, 153.

32. Hills and Goda, quoted in Verschuur, Impact, ISA.

33. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Serpent, 102.

34. Ibid, 102.

35. Don Gault, quoted in Spedicato, Apollo Objects, 21.

36. Ibid, 21–22.

37. Ibid, 22.

38. Ibid.

39. Emiliani, Kraus, Shoemaker, quoted in Albritton, Catastrophic Episodes, 114— 15.

40. Ibid.

41. Clube and Napier, Cosmic Setpent, 103.

Глава 21. Земной крест

1. См. главу 19.

2. Tom Van Flandern, Dark Matter, Missing Planets and Neiv Comets: Paradoxes Resolved, Origins Illuminated (Berkeley, Calif.: North Atlantic Books, 1993), 215–236.

3. Hoyle, Ice, 143.

4. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15 th edition, «Solar System»; Moore, Planets, 119,12 3.

5. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 126—27; Thomas, Chyba, McKay, Comets and Origin, 216; Clube and Napier, Cosmic Winter,

259—60; Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, «Solar System».

6. Verschuur, Impact, 44.

7. Palmer, Catastropbism, 8, Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 127.

8. Steel, Rogue Asteroids, 127.

9. Moore, Planets, 124.