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1
См., например, Thomas P. Duffy, “The Flexner Report – 100 Years Later,” Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 84, no. 3 (September 2011): 269–76.
2
См., например: Jerry Hirsch, Jim Puzzanghera, “Lawmaker: GM Response to Ignition Switch Issue ‘Smacks of Cover-Up’,” Los Angeles Times, 18 июня 2014.
3
Zlati Meyer, “This Week in Michigan History: GM’s President Says Sorry to Ralph Nader for Harassment,” Detroit Free Press, 18 марта 2012. www.freep.com/article/20120318/NEWS01/203180469
4
Robert B. Kaiser, Gordy Curphy, “Leadership Development: The Failure of an Industry and the Opportunity for Consulting Psychologists,” Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research 65, no. 4 (декабрь 2013 г.): 294–302.
5
Barbara Kellerman, Hard Times: Leadership in America (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2015).
6
По состоянию на 12 декабря 2013 г. – Прим. авт.
7
См., например: Stanley Lieberson, James F. O’Connor, “Leadership and Organizational Performance: A Study of Large Corporations,” American Sociological Review, 37, no. 2 (апрель 1972): 117–30; Gerald R. Salancik, Jeffrey Pfeffer, “Constraints on Administrative Discretion: The Limited Influence of Mayors on City Budgets,” Urban Affairs Quarterly 12, no. 2 (июнь 1977): 475–98.
8
James R. Meindl, Sanford B. Ehrlich, Janet M. Dukerich, “The Romance of Leadership,” Administrative Science Quarterly 30, no. 1 (март 1985): 78.
9
Pierre Gurdjian, Thomas Halbeisen, Kevin Lane, “Why Leadership-Development Programs Fail,” McKinsey Quarterly, январь 2014, www.mckinsey.com/insights/ leading_in_the_21st_century/why_leadership-development_programs_fail
10
Barbara Kellerman, The End of Leadership (New York: HarperCollins, 2012), 154.
11
Теперь это объединение называется Association for Talent Development (ATD) – Ассоциация по развитию талантов. – Прим. ред.
12
ASTD Staff, “$156 Billion Spent on Training and Development,” 6 декабря 2012 г., www.astd.org/publications/Blogs/ASTD-Blog02012/12/
13
Gurdjian, Halbeisen, Lane, “Why Leadership-Development Programs Fail”; Kaiser and Curphy, “Leadership Development,” 294.
14
Саттон Р. Не работайте с м*даками. И что делать, если они вокруг вас. М.: Манн, Иванов, Фербер, 2015 (Robert I. Sutton, The No Asshole Rule: Building a Civilized Workplace and Surviving One That Isn’t. New York: Business Plus, 2007).
15
Charlotte Rayner, “The Incidence of Workplace Bullying,” Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology 7, no. 3 (июнь 1997): 199–208.
16
Lyn Quine, “Workplace Bullying in NHS Community Trust: Staff Questionnaire Survey,” British Medical Journal 318, no. 7178 (январь 1999): 228–32.
17
Lyn Quine, “Workplace Bullying in Nurses,” Journal of Health Psychology 6, no. 1 (январь 2001): 73–84.
18
Christine M. Pearson, Christine L. Porath, “On the Nature, Consequences, and Remedies of Workplace Incivility: No Time for ‘Nice’? Think Again,” The Academy of Management Executive 19, no. 1 (февраль 2005): 7–18.
19
Там же, 7.
20
Susan Adams, “Americans Are Starting to Hate Their Jobs Less, Study Shows,” Forbes, 28 июня 2012 г., www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2012/06/28/americans-are-starting-to-hate-their-jobs-less-study-shows/
21
Susan Adams, “New Survey: Majority of Employees Dissatisfied,” Forbes, 18 мая 2012 г., www.forbes.com/sites/susanadams/2012/05/18/new-survey-majority-of-employees-dissatisfied
22
State of the American Workplace: Employee Engagement Insights for U. S. Business Leaders (Lincoln, NE: Gallup, 2012).
23
Steve Crabtree, “Worldwide, 13 % of Employees Are Engaged at Work,” Gallup, 8 октября 2013 г., www.gallup.com/pol/165269/worldwide-employees-engaged-at-work/
24
Cited in Mark Crowley, “Gallup’s Workplace Jedi on How to Fix Our Employee Engagement Problem,” Fast Company, 4 июня 2013.
25
Xu Jia-ni, Yu De-hua, Li Jian-gang, “The Mediating Effects of Psychological Empowerment on Leadership Style and Employee Satisfaction in Hospitals,” in 2012 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering, 19th Annual Conference Proceedings (20–22 сентября 2012 г., Даллас, Техас): 1215.
26
S-C Chou, D. P. Boldy, A. H. Lee, “Measuring Job Satisfaction in Residential Aged Care,” International Journal for Quality in Health Care 14, no. 1 (февраль 2002): 49–54.
27
Stina Fransson Sellgren, Goran Ekvall, Goran Tomson, “Leadership Behaviour of Nurse Managers in Relations to Job Satisfaction and Work Climate,” Journal of Nursing Management 16, no. 5 (июль 2008): 579.
28
CEO Succession Practices: 2012 Edition, report #R-1492–12-RR (New York: Conference Board, 2012).
29
Ken Favaro, Per-Ola Karlsson, Gary Neilson, CEO Succession Report: 12th Annual Global CEO Succession Study (New York: Booz and Company, 2012).
30
Bill Gentry, “Derailment: How Successful Leaders Avoid It,” in The ASTD Leadership Handbook, ed. Elaine Biech (Washington, DC: ASTD Press, 2010): 312.
31
Robert Hogan, Joyce Hogan, “Assessing Leadership: A View from the Dark Side,” International Journal of Selection and Assessment 9, no. ½ (март – июнь 2001): 41.
32
Ronald J. Burke, “Why Leaders Fail: Exploring the Darkside,” International Journal of Manpower 27, no. 1 (2006): 91–100.
33
Gurdjian, Halbeisen, Lane, “Why Leadership-Development Programs Fail.”
34
These figures come from Brad Hall, “Today’s Leadership Development Approach Does Not Work,” The Street, 14 апреля 2014 г., www.thestreet.com/story/12668089/1/todays-leadership-development-approach-does-not-work.html
35
Institute for Corporate Productivity, The Top 10 Critical Human Capital Issues: Enabling Sustained Growth through Talent Transparency, 2014.
36
Kaiser and Curphy, “Leadership Development,” 295.
37
S. A. Rosenthal, National Leadership Index 2012: A National Study of Confidence in Leadership (Cambridge, MA: Center for Public Leadership, Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, 2012).
38
Kaiser and Curphy, “Leadership Development,” 295.
39
Donald A. Palmer, “The New Perspective on Organizational Wrongdoing,” California Management Review 56, no. 1 (осень 2013): 8.
40
Pete Weaver and Simon Mitchell, Lessons for Leaders from the People Who Matter: How Employees Around the World View Their Leaders (Pittsburgh: DDI International, 2012).
41
D. S. Wilson, E. O. Wilson, “Rethinking the Theoretical Foundations of Sociobiology,” The Quarterly Review of Biology 82, no. 4 (декабрь 2007): 328.
42
См., например: Jon K. Maner, Nicole L. Mead, “The Essential Tension between Leadership and Power: When Leaders Sacrifice Group Goals for the Sake of Self-Interest,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 99, no. 3 (сентябрь 2010): 482–97.
43
COO (англ. Chief Operating Officer) – главный операционный директор, должность второго уровня управления в компаниях с акционерной собственностью. – Прим. ред.
44
Эта история широко освещалась в СМИ, пишущих о Кремниевой долине. См., например: M. G. Siegler, “Dick Costolo: Mission Accomplished,” TechCrunch, 4 октября 2010 г., www.techcrunch.com/2010/10/04/dick-costolo/; см. также ссылки в этой статье.
45
Supriya Kurane и Gerry Shih, “Twitter Chief Operating Officer Resigns as Growth Lags,” Reuters, 12 июня 2014 г., www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/12/us-twitter-managementchanges-idUSKBNOEN07420140612
46
Эта история широко известна, ее часто пересказывают. См., например: “Dr. Semmelweis’ Biography,” Semmelweis Society International, 2009, http://semmelweis.org/about/dr-semmelweis-biogrpahy/
47
www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5116a1.htm
48
Boas Hamir, Robert J. House, Michael B. Arthur, “The Motivational Effects of Charismatic Leadership: A Self-Concept Based Theory,” Organization Science 4, no. 4 (November 1993): 577–94.
49
J. A. Conger, R. N. Kanungo, S. T. Menon, “Charismatic Leadership and Follower Effects,” Journal of Organizational Behavior 21 (2000), 747–67.
50
Daan van Knippenberg, Sim B. Sitkin, “A Critical Assessment of Charismatic-Transformational Leadership Research: Back to the Drawing Board?” Academy of Management Annals 7 (2013): 1–60.
51
Institute for Corporate Productivity, Next Practices for Global-Minded Organizations, 2013, www.i4cp.com
52
Dennis E. Clayson, “Student Evaluations of Teaching: Are They Related to What Students Learn? A Meta-Analysis and Review of the Literature,” Journal of Marketing Education 31, no. 1 (апрель 2009): 16.
53
J. Scott Armstrong, “Are Student Ratings of Instruction Useful?” American Psychologist 53, no. 11 (ноябрь 1998): 1223.
54
Там же.
55
Там же.
56
Institute for Corporate Productivity.
57
Gurdjian, Halbeisen, Lane, “Why Leadership-Development Programs Fail.”
58
Rosabeth M. Kanter, “Power Failure in Management Circuits,” Harvard Business Review 57 (июль – август 1979): 65–75.
59
Обзор на Power: Why Some People Have It – and Others Don’t, by Jeffrey Pfeffer, Publishers Weekly, 21 июня 2010, www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-06-178908-3
60
Сайт школы – www.vlerick.com/en (28 декабря 2013).
61
Сайт AGSM – www.business.unsw.edu.au/agsm/about/why-agsm (14 января 2015).
62
Bill George, Peter Sims, True North: Discover Your Authentic Leadership (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2007).
63
Thomas F. O’Boyle, At Any Cost: Jack Welch, General Electric, and the Pursuit of Profit (New York: Knopf, 1998).
64
Jonathon D. Brown, “Evaluations of Self and Others: Self-Enhancement Biases in Social Judgments,” Social Cognition 4, no. 4 (декабрь 1986): 353–76.
65
См., например: Frederic D. Woocher, “Did Your Eyes Deceive You? Expert Psychological Testimony on the Unreliability of Eyewitness Identification,” Stanford Law Review 29, no. 5 (May 1977): 969–1030.
66
Ben Dolnick, “Star-Struck,” New York Times Magazine, 4 августа 2013, с. 50.
67
William von Hippel and Robert Trivers, “The Evolution and Psychology of Self-Deception,” Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34, no. 1 (February 2011): 1–16.
68
Melvin J. Lerner, The Belief in a Just World: A Fundamental Delusion (New York: Plenum, 1980).
69
Chip Heath and Dan Heath, Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die (New York: Random House, 2007).
70
Фрейд З. Будущее одной иллюзии. Харьков: Фолио, 2013.
71
Jeffrey Pfeffer and Robert I. Sutton, Hard Facts, Dangerous Half-Truths, and Total Nonsense: Profiting from Evidence-Based.
72
Management (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006).
73
Vernge G. Kopytoff and Claire Cain Miller, “Yahoo Board Fires Chief Executive,” New York Times, 6 сентября 2011.
74
Michael Eric Dyson, “A Useful Hero,” New York Times Magazine, 16 января 2000 г., с. 14.
75
Rick Lyman, “To Call Mandela a Saint Is to Dishonour His Memory,” Daily Maverick, 6 декабря 2013, http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2013–12–06-to-call-mandela-a-saint-is-to-dishonour-his-memory/#.VNpK2fnF98E
76
John Storey and Elizabeth Barnett, “Knowledge Management Initiatives: Learning from Failure,” Journal of Knowledge Management 4, no. 2 (2000): 145–56.
77
A. C. Edmondson, “Learning from Failure in Health Care: Frequent Opportunities, Pervasive Barriers,” Quality and Safety in Health Care 13, suppl. 2 (декабрь 2004): ii3.
78
Philip R. P. Coelho, James E. McClure, “Learning from Failure,” American Journal of Business 20, no. 1 (2005): 1.
79
Jerker Denrell, Chengwei Liu, “Top Performers Are Not the Most Impressive When Extreme Performance Indicates Unreliability,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109, no. 24 (12 июня 2012): 9331–36.
80
Jonah Berger, Marc Meredith, S. Christian Wheeler, “Contextual Priming: Where People Vote Affects How They Vote,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 26 (1 июля 2008): 8846–49.
81
Chen-Bo Zhong, Sanford E. DeVoe, “You Are How You Eat: Fast Food and Impatience,” Psychological Science 21, no. 5 (2010): 619–22.
82
Francesca Gino, Michael I. Norton, Dan Ariely, “The Counterfeit Self: The Deceptive Costs of Faking It,” Psychological Science 21, no. 5 (2010): 712–20.
83
Chen-Bo Zhong, Vanessa K, Bohns, Francesca Gino, “Good Lamps Are the Best Police: Darkness Increases Dishonesty and Self-Interested Behavior,” Psychological Science 21, no. 3 (2010): 311–14.
84
Brian Wansink, Mindless Eating (New York: Bantam Books, 2006).
85
Lisa L. Shu, Francesca Gino, Max H. Bazerman, “Dishonest Deed, Clear Conscience: When Cheating Leads to Moral Disengagement and Motivated Forgetting,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 37, no. 3 (март 2011): 330–49.
86
Nicholas A. Christakis, James H. Fowler, “The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years,” New England Journal of Medicine 357, no. 4 (26 июля 2007): 370–79.
87
Lee Ann Kaskutas, Jason Bond, Keith Humphreys, “Social Networks as Mediators of the Effect of Alcoholics Anonymous,” Addiction 97, no. 7 (июль 2002): 891–900.
88
Keith Ferrazzi, “Managing Change, One Day at a Time,” Harvard Business Review 92 (июль – август 2014): 23–25.
89
Там же, 24.
90
See, for instance, Edwin A. Locke and Gary P. Latham, “Building a Practically Useful Theory of Goal Setting and Task Motivation: A 35-Year Odyssey,” American Psychologist 57, no. 9 (сентябрь 2002): 705–17.
91
Benoit Monin and Dale Miller, “Moral Credentials and the Expression of Prejudice,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81, no. 1 (июль 2001): 33–43.
92
Daylian M. Cain, George Loewenstein, Don A. Moore, “The Dirt on Coming Clean: Perverse Effects of Disclosing Conflicts of Interest,” Journal of Legal Studies 34, no. 1 (январь 2005): 1–25.
93
Sonya Sachdeva, Rumen Iliev, Douglas L Medin, “Sinning Saints and Saintly Sinners: The Paradox of Moral Self-Regulation,” Psychological Science 20, no. 4 (апрель 2009): 523–28.
94
Anna C. Merritt, Daniel A. Effron, Benoit Monin, “Moral Self-Licensing: When Being Good Frees Us to Be Bad,” Social and Personality Psychology Compass 4, no. 5 (май 2010): 344.
95
В оригинале – “The lady doth protest too much, methinks”, здесь приведен перевод Б. Пастернака. В разных переводах «Гамлета» эта фраза звучит по-разному: «Эта женщина слишком щедра на уверенья, по-моему» (М. Лозинский), «Мне кажется, она слишком много надавала обещаний» (Н. Полевой). – Прим. пер.
96
“Bill Bradley Qutoes,” ThinkExist.com, http://thinkexist.com/quotes/bill_bradley, на 21 января 2015.
97
В 2016 г. Дональд Трамп выиграл выборы и стал 45-м президентом США. – Прим. пер.
98
Трамп продюсировал и на протяжении нескольких сезонов вел реалити-шоу The Apprentice на телеканале NBC (2004–2015 гг.). – Прим. ред.
99
Beth Belton, “Chicago Mayor Blasts New Trump Sign,” USA Today, 13 июня 2014.
100
Keith Morrison, “ ‘Apprentice’ Lessons for Business Students?” NBCnews.com, 17 апреля 2004 г., www.nbcnews.com/id/4757288/ns/dateline_nbc/t/apprentice-lessons-business-students
101
“Donald Trump: The Genius of Self-Promotion,” ABCnews.com, 16 сентября 2004 г., http://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/story?id=132337
102
Jim Collins, “Level 5 Leadership: The Triumph of Humility and Fierce Resolve,” Harvard Business Review 83 (июль 2005): 136–46.
103
См., например: Ralph M. Stogdill, “Personal Factors Associated with Leadership: A Survey of the Literature,” The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied 25 (1948): 35–71.
104
Silke Astrid Eisenbeiss, “Re-thinking Ethical Leadership: An Interdisciplinary Integrative Approach,” The Leadership Quarterly 23, no. 5 (октябрь 2012): 791–808.
105
Colette Hoption, Julian Barling, Nick Turner, “ ‘It’s Not You, It’s Me’: Transformational Leadership and Self-Deprecating Humor,” Leadership and Organization Development Journal 34, no. 1 (2013): 4–19.
106
Brett W. Pelham, Mauricio Carvallo, John T. Jones, “Implicit Egotism,” Current Directions in Psychological Science 14, no. 2 (2005): 106–10.
107
Jack L. Knetsch, “The Endowment Effect and Evidence of Nonreversible Indifference Curves,” American Economic Review 79, no. 5 (декабрь 1989): 1277–84.
108
Там же.
109
В психологии этот эффект называют также «отвращением к потере». – Прим. ред.
110
Christian J. Resick, Daniel S. Whitman, Steven M. Weingarden, Nathan J. Hiller, “The Bright-Side and the Dark-Side of CEO Personality: Examining Core Self-Evaluations, Narcissism, Transformational Leadership, and Strategic Influence,” Journal of Applied Psychology 94, no. 6 (ноябрь 2009): 1365–81.
111
C. Wortman and J. Linsenmeier, “Interpersonal Attraction and Techniques of Ingratiation,” in New Directions in Organizational Behavior, eds. B. M. Staw and G. R. Salancik (Chicago: St. Clair Pess, 1977), 133–78.
112
D. R. Forsythe, R. Berger, and T. Mitchell, “The Effects of Self-Serving vs. Other-Serving Claims of Responsibility on Attraction and Attribution in Groups,” Social Psychology Quarterly 44, no. 1 (March 1981): 59–64.
113
W. Wosinska, A. J. Dabul, R. Whetstone-Dion, R. B. Cialdini, “Self-Presentational Responses to Success in the Organization: The Costs and Benefits of Modesty,” Basic and Applied Social Psychology 18, no. 2 (1996): 229–42.
114
Michael Maccoby, The Productive Narcissist: The Promise and Peril of Visionary Leadership (New York: Broadway Books, 2003).
115
Seth A. Rosenthal and Todd L. Pittinsky, “Narcissistic Leadership,” The Leadership Quarterly 17, no. 6 (December 2006): 617–33.
116
Там же.
117
R. Raskin and C. S. Hall, “The Narcissistic Personality Inventory: Alternate Form Reliability and Further Evidence of Construct Validity,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45, no. 2 (1981): 159–62.
118
Arijit Chatterjee and Donald C. Hambrick, “It’s All about Me: Narcissistic Chief Executive Officers and Their Effects on Company Strategy and Performance,” Administrative Science Quarterly 52, no. 3 (сентябрь 2007): 351–86.
119
J. M. Twenge, S. Konrath, J. D. Foster, W. K. Campbell, B. J. Bushman, “Egos Inflating over Time: A Cross-Temporal Meta-analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory,” Journal of Personality 76, no. 4 (август 2008): 875–901.
120
J. D. Foster, W. K. Campbell, J. M. Twenge, “Individual Differences in Narcissism: Inflated Self-Views across the Lifespan and around the World,” Journal of Research in Personality 37, no. 6 (December 2003): 469–86.
121
James W. Westerman, Jacqueline Z. Bergman, Shawn M. Bergman, Joseph P. Daly, “Are Universities Creating Millennial Narcissistic Employees? An Empirical Examination of Narcissism in Business Students and Its Implications,” Journal of Management Education 36, no. 1 (2012): 5–32.
122
Raymond B. Nickerson, “Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises,” Review of General Psychology 2, no. 2 (июнь 1998): 175–220.
123
Robert B. Zajonc, “Attitudinal Effects of Mere Exposure,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Monograph Supplement 9, no. 2 (июнь 1968): 1–27.
124
Karin Proost, Karel De Witte, Bert Schreurs, Eva Derous, “Ingratiation and Self-Promotion in the Selection Interview: The Effects of Using Single Tactics or a Combination of Tactics on Interviewer Judgments,” Journal of Applied Social Psychology 40, no. 9 (сентябрь 2010): 2155–69.
125
Обзор этой литературы см. там же.
126
C. Anderson, S. Brion, D. A. Moore, J. A. Kennedy, “A Status-Enhancement Account of Overconfidence,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 103, no. 4 (октябрь 2012): 718–35.
127
Jessica A. Kennedy, Cameron Anderson, Don A. Moore, “When Overconfidence Is Revealed to Others: Testing the Status-Enhancement Theory of Overconfidence,” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 122, no. 2 (ноябрь 2013): 275.
128
Rosenthal and Pittinsky, “Narcissistic Leadership,” 623.
129
Discussed in Charles A. O’Reilly III, Bernadette Doer, David F. Caldwell, and Jennifer A. Chatman, “Narcissistic CEOs and Executive Compensation,” The Leadership Quarterly, 25, no. 2 (апрель 2014): 218–31.
130
Amy B. Brunell, William A. Gentry, W. Keith Campbell, Brian J. Hoffman, Karl W. Kuhnert, and Kenneth G. DeMarree, “Leader Emergence: The Case of the Narcissistic Leader,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 34, no. 12 (2008): 1663–76.
131
Barbara Nevicka, Annebel H. De Hoogh, Annelies E. Van Vianen, Bianca Beersma, Doris McIlwain, “All I Need Is a Stage to Shine: Narcissists’ Leader Emergence and Performance,” Leadership Quarterly 22, no. 5 (октябрь 2011): 910–25.
132
«Темная сторона харизмы» (The Dark Side of Charisma) – ставшее популярным эссе психологов Роберта Хогана, Роберта Раскина и Дэна Фаззини (1990). – Прим. ред.
133
Malcolm Gladwell, “The Talent Myth,” The New Yorker, 22 июля 2002 г.
134
Jacqueline Z. Bergman, James W. Westerman, and Joseph P. Daly, “Narcissism in Management Education,” Academy of Management Learning and Education 9 (2010): 119–31.
135
This research is summarized in Jacqueline Z. Bergman, James W. Westerman, and Joseph P. Daly, “Narcissism in Management Education,” Academy of Management Learning and Education 9, no. 1 (March 2010): 119–31.
136
Barbora Nevicka, Femke S. Ten Velden, Annebel H. B. De Hoogh, Annelies E. M. Van Vianen, “Reality at Odds with Perceptions: Narcissistic Leaders and Group Performance,” Psychological Science 22, no. 10 (октябрь 2011): 1259.
137
Val Singh, Savita Kumra, Susan Vinnicombe, “Gender and Impression Management: Playing the Promotion Game,” Journal of Business Ethics 37, no. 1 (April 2002): 79.
138
Sylvia Ann Hewlett and Ripa Rashid, Asians in America: Unleashing the Potential of the “Model Minority” (New York: Center for Work Life Policy), 20–21.
139
Там же, 21–22.
140
P. Babiak, C. S. Neumann, R. D. Hare, “Corporate Psychopathy: Talking the Walk,” Behavioral Sciences and the Law 28, no. 2 (март-апрель 2010): 174–93.
141
P. C. Patel and D. Cooper, “The Harder They Fall, the Faster They Rise: Approach and Avoidance Focus in Narcissistic CEOS,” Strategic Management Journal, 35, no. 10 (October 2014): 1528–40.
142
Scott O. Lilienfeld, Irwin D. Waldman, Drisitn Landfield, Steven Rubenzer, Ashley L. Watts, and Thomas R. Faschingbauer, “Fearless Dominance and the U. S. Presidency: Implications of Psychopathic Personality Traits for Successful and Unsuccessful Political Leadership,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 103, no. 3 (сентябрь 2012): 489.
143
Ashley L. Watts, Scott O. Lilienfeld, Sarah Francis Smith, Joshua D. Miller, W. Keith Campbell, Irwin D. Waldman, Steven J. Rubenzer, Thomas J. Faschingbauer, “The Double-Edged Sword of Grandiose Narcissism: Implications for Successful and Unsuccessful Leadership among U. S. Presidents,” Psychological Science 24, no. 12 (December 2013): 2379–89.
144
O’Reilly et al., “Narcissistic CEOs and Executive Compensation,” 17.
145
Там же, 21.
146
Используемый автором книги термин «authenticity» может быть переведен как «подлинность» и, в некоторых случаях, как «искренность». В русском языке понятия подлинности и искренности связаны между собой: искренность является выражением подлинности человека, которая, в свою очередь, является стремлением следовать своим истинным чувствам и желаниям. Провести различия между этими понятиями бывает крайне сложно. Поэтому в переводе будут использоваться оба термина в зависимости от контекста. Кроме того, применительно к лидерству будет использована калька с английского – аутентичное лидерство, поскольку словосочетания «подлинное лидерство» и «искреннее лидерство» могут быть неточно интерпретированы. – Прим. ред.
147
http://michiganross.umich.edu/about/dean-alison-davis-blake
148
“What’s Magical about Working for Disney? I’d Rather Go to Afghanistan,” Daily Mail (London), 27 октября 2010 г., www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1324098/work-Disney-id-fight-Taliban-Afghanistan.html
149
Arlie Russell Hochschild, The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1983).
150
Arlie Russell Hochschild, “Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure,” American Journal of Sociology 85, no. 3 (ноябрь 1979): 551.
151
F. O. Walumbwa, B. J. Aviolio, W. L. Gardner, T. S. Wernsing, S. J. Peterson, “Authentic Leadership: Development and Analysis of a Multidimensional Theory-Based Measure,” Journal of Management 34, no. 1 (февраль 2008): 89–126.
152
См. страничку института: www.authenticleadership.com
153
Происхождение этой фразы неизвестно, хотя не вызывает сомнений, что Джордж Бернс использовал один из ее вариантов в своем спектакле и в мемуарах. См.: http://quoteinvestigator.com/2011/12/05/fake-honesty/
154
Это определение аутентичного лидерства заимствовано из статьи, открывавшей спецвыпуск Leadership Quarterly: Bruce J. Avolio, William L. Gardner, “Authentic Leadership Development: Getting to the Root of Positive Forms of Leadership,” The Leadership Quarterly 16, no. 3 (июнь 2005): 315–38.
155
Там же, 316.
156
Там же, 327.
157
Michael Hyatt, “The 5 Marks of Authentic Leadership,” 3 июля 2012 г., http://michaelhyatt.com/the-five-marks-of-authentic-leadership.html
158
“10 Things Authentic Leaders Do,” Holden Leadership Center, University of Oregon, http://leadership.uoregon.edu/resources/exercises_tips/ leadership_reflections/10_things_authentic_leaders_do
159
Gerald R. Salancik, Mary Conway, “Attitude Inferences from Salient and Relevant Cognitive Content About Behavior,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 32, no. 5(ноябрь 1975): 829–40.
160
Sheryl Sandberg, Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead (New York: Knopf, 2013).
161
Michiko Kakutani, “Kennedy, and What Might Have Been,” New York Times, 12 августа 2013 г.
162
Bill Keller, “Nelson Mandela, Communist,” New York Times, 7 декабря 2013 г.
163
Erving Goffman, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (New York: Anchor Books, 1959).
164
Harriet Rubin, “Shall I Compare Thee to an Andy Grove?” Strategy+ Business, зима 2007 г.
165
Seymour Lieberman, “The Effects of Changes in Roles on the Attitudes of Role Occupants,” Human Relations 9, no. 4 (ноябрь 1956): 385–402.
166
Jeffrey Pfeffer, Gerald R. Salancik, “Determinants of Supervisory Behavior: A Role Set Analysis,” Human Relations 28, no. 2 (март 1975): 139–54.
167
См., например: Melvin L. Kohn, Carmi Schooler, “Occupational Experience and Psychological Functioning: An Assessment of Reciprocal Effects,” American Sociological Review 38, no. 1 (февраль 1973): 97–118; Melvin L. Kohn, Carmi Schooler, “Job Conditions and Personality: A Longitudinal Assessment of Their Reciprocal Effects,” American Journal of Sociology 87, no. 6 (май 1982): 1257–86.
168
См., например: Wikipedia, s. v. “Parson Weems,” 1 января 2015 г., 18:32, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parson_Weems
169
John Blake, “Of Course Presidents Lie,” CNN.com, 24 ноября 2013 г., www.cnn.com/2013/11/24/politics/presidents-lie/
170
Charles F. Bond, Jr., Bella M. DePaulo, “Accuracy of Deception Judgments,” Personality and Social Psychology Review 10, no. 3 (2006): 214–34.
171
См., например: Warren Bennis, Daniel Goleman, James O’Toole, Transparency: Creating a Culture of Candor (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2008).
172
Bond and DePaulo, “Accuracy of Deception Judgments,” 216.
173
Andrew Clark, “Former Bear Stearns Boss Jimmy Cayne Blames Conspiracy for Bank’s Collapse, Guardian (U.K.), 5 мая 2010 г., www.theguardian.com/business/2010/may/05/bear-stearns-boss-denies-blame
174
Patricia Hurtado, “The London Whale,” Bloombergview.com, 9 января 2015 г., www.bloomberg.com/quicktake/the-london-whale
175
Этот пример и многие другие заявления Лавмена, процитированные мной, можно услышать, просмотрев видеозапись моего занятия – “Gary Loveman, January 30, 2009”.
176
“Leadership Journal to Retract Five Papers from FIU Scholar,” Retraction Watch (blog), 7 февраля 2014 г., http://retractionwatch.com/2014/02/07/leadership-journal-to-retract-five-papers-from-FIU-scholar
177
Фонд планирования семьи (англ.) – фонд с государственным финансированием; с ним связан ряд громких скандалов с продажей эмбрионов, экспериментами с абортивным материалом и т. п. – Прим. пер.
178
Есть много источников, описывающих этот эпизод. См., например: Eyder Peralta, “Sen. Jon Kyl Corrects Erroneous Statement on Planned Parenthood,” The Two-Way (blog), NPR.org, April 22, 2011, www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2011/04/22/135641326
179
Описание этой широко известной оплошности также содержится в десятках источников. См., например: Abby D. Phillip, “James Clapper Apologizes to Congress for ‘Clearly Erroneous’ Testimony,” ABCNews.com, 2 июля 2013 г., http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2013/07/james-clapper-apologizes-to-congress-for-clearly-erroneous-testimony/
180
Ralph Nader, Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-In Dangers of the American Automobile (New York: Grossman, 1965).
181
David A. Kaplan, The Silicon Boys and Their Valley of Dreams (New York: William Morrow, 1999), 122–23.
182
См. научную биографию Миллера на сайте Стэнфордского университета: www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/faculty/william-f-miller
183
Adam Satariano, Karen Gullo, “Steve Jobs’s FBI File Notes Past Drug Use, Tendency to ‘Distort Reality’,” Bloomberg News, 9 февраля 2012 г.
184
Caroline F. Keating, Karen R. Heltman, “Dominance and Deception in Children and Adults: Are Leaders the Best Misleaders?” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 20, no. 3 (июнь 1994): 312.
185
D. R. Carney et al., “The Deception Equilibrium: The Powerful Are Better Liars but the Powerless Are Better Lie-Detectors” (неопубликованная рукопись, 2014), 2.
186
Erin Strout, “To Tell the Truth,” Sales and Marketing Management, июль 2002, 42.
187
Floyd Norris, “RadioShack Chief Resigns after Lying,” New York Times, 21 февраля 2006 г.
188
Pamela Babcock, “Spotting Lies,” http://www.shrm.org/publications/hrmagazine/editorialcontent/ pages/1003babcock.aspx
189
Uri Gneezy, “Deception: The Role of Consequences,” American Economic Review 95, no. 1 (март 2005): 384–94.
190
Хороший обзор литературы по данной теме, см. здесь: Ingrid Smithey Fulmer, Bruce Barry, D. Adam Long, “Lying and Smiling: Informational and Emotional Deception in Negotiation,” Journal of Business Ethics 88, no. 4 (сентябрь 2009): 691–709.
191
Peter Reilly, “Was Machiavelli Right? Lying in Negotiation and the Art of Defensive Self-Help,” Ohio State Journal on Dispute Resolution 24, no. 3 (2009): 481.
192
Kim B. Serota, Timothy R. Levine, Franklin J. Boster, “The Prevalence of Lying in America: Three Studies of Self-Reported Lies,” Human Communication Research 36, no. 1 (январь 2010): 2–25.
193
Megan Garber, “The Way We Lie Now,” The Atlantic, сентябрь 2013, 15–16.
194
См., например: Jill Doner Kagle, “Are We Lying to Ourselves about Deception,” Social Service Review 72, no. 2 (июнь 1998): 234–50.
195
Bella M. DePaulo et al., “Lying in Everyday Life,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70, no. 5 (май 1996): 979–95.
196
Lisa L. Masssi Lindsey, Norah E. Dunbar, Jessica C. Russell, “Risky Business or Managed Event? Perceptions of Power and Deception in the Workplace,” Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict 15, no. 1 (2011): 55.
197
Norah E. Dunbar et al., “Empowered by Persuasive Deception: The Effects of Power and Deception on Dominance, Credibility, and Decision Making,” Communication Research 41, no. 6 (август 2014): 852–76.
198
Paul Ekman, Maureen O’Sullivan, “Who Can Catch a Liar?” American Psychologist 46, no. 9 (сентябрь 1991): 913–20.
199
C. F. Bond, B. M. DePaulo, “Accuracy of Deception Judgments,” Personality and Social Psychology Review 10, no. 3 (2006): 214–34.
200
Alexander Dyck, Adair Morse, Luigi Zingales, “Who Blows the Whistle on Corporate Fraud?” The Journal of Finance 65, no. 1 (февраль 2010): 2213–53.
201
Ernesto Reuben, Matt Stephenson, “Nobody Likes a Rat: On the Willingness to Report Lies and the Consequences Thereof,” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 93 (сентябрь 2013): 385.
202
Там же, 384.
203
Floyd Norris, “Corporate Lies Are Increasingly Immune to Investor Complaints,” New York Times, 20 марта 2014 г.
204
Diana B. Henriques, “Oracle Agrees to a Fine over Accounting Moves,” New York Times, 25 сентября 1993 г., www.nytimes.com/1993/09/25/business/company-news-oracle-agrees-to-a-fine-over-accounting-moves.html
205
Michael Cohn, “Study Finds Financial Restatements Declined after Sarbanes-Oxley,” Accounting Today, 24 июля 2014 г., www.accountingtoday.com/news/sarbanes-oxley/study-finds-financial-restatements-declined-Sarbanes-Oxley-71444–1.html
206
Bond and DePaulo, “Accuracy of Deception Judgments,” 216.
207
Marc Effron, “Calculating the Optimal Length of Time to Lie to Your Employees,” Talent Quarterly 1, no. 1 (2014): 14.
208
Nicole Reudy, Celia Moore, Francesca Gino, Maurice E. Schweitzer, “The Cheater’s High: The Unexpected Affective Benefits of Unethical Behavior” (неопубликованная рукопись, 18 июля 2012 г.), доступно здесь: SSRN: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2112614
209
Robert K. Merton, “The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy,” The Antioch Review 8, no. 2 (лето 1948): 193–210.
210
Там же, 195.
211
См., например: Dov Eden, “Self-Fulfilling Prophecy as a Management Tool: Harnessing Pygmalion,” Academy of Management Review 9, no. 1 (январь 1984): 64–73.
212
Wikipedia, s. v. “Catch Me If You Can,” 29 января 2015, 15:09, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catch_Me_If_You_Can
213
John Blake, “Of Course Presidents Lie,” CNN.com, 24 ноября 2013 г., www.cnn.com/2013/11/24/politics/presidents-lie/
214
Bethany McLean, Peter Elkind, The Smartest Guys in the Room: The Amazing Rise and Scandalous Fall of Enron (New York: Portfolio, 2003).
215
Amit Bhattacharjee, Jonathan Z. Berman, Americus Reed II, “Tip of the Hat, Wag of the Finger: How Moral Decoupling Enables Consumers to Admire and Admonish,” Journal of Consumer Research 39, no. 6 (апрель 2013): 1167.
216
Там же, 1168.
217
Там же, 1169.
218
Oliver E. Williamson, Markets and Hierarchies (New York: Free Press, 1975).
219
См., например: Ernst Fehr, Simon Gachter, “Fairness and Retaliation: The Economics of Reciprocity,” The Journal of Economic Perspectives 14 (2000): 159–81.
220
См. только два из многочисленных примеров: John O. Whitney, The Trust Factor: Liberating Profits & Restoring Corporate Vitality (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994); Robert Sharkie, “Trust in Leadership Is Vital for Employee Performance,” Management Research News 32, no. 5 (2009): 491–98.
221
“2013 Edelman Trust Barometer Finds a Crisis in Leadership,” http://www.edelman.com/news/2013-edeloman-trust-barometer-finds-a-crisis-in-Leadership
222
“Americans Still Lack Trust in Company Management Post-Recession,” http://www.martiz.com/Press-Releases/2011/Americans-Still-Lack-Trust-in-Company-Management-Post-Recession
223
Roderick M. Kramer, “Rethinking Trust,” Harvard Business Review, июнь 2009 г., 69–77.
224
Steve Hamm, Jay Greene, “The Man Who Could Have Been Bill Gates,” BusinessWeek, 24 октября 2004 г., www.bloomberg.com/bw/stories/2004–10–24/the-man-who-could-have-been-bill-gates
225
Harold Evans, with Gail Buckland and David Lefer, They Made America: Two Centuries of Innovators from the Steam Engine to the Search Engine (Boston: Little, Brown, 1984).
226
David A. Kaplan, The Silicon Boys and Their Valley of Dreams (New York: William Morrow, 1999), 112.
227
Там же, 113.
228
Там же, 115–116.
229
Речь идет о скандале, когда популярная телеведущая и автор книг по кулинарии миллиардер Марта Стюарт, воспользовавшись инсайдерской информацией, продала акции фармацевтической компании до того, как они упали в цене. За это Стюарт в 2005 г. получила пять месяцев тюремного заключения. – Прим. пер.
230
Ann Friedman, “Martha Stewart’s Best Lesson: Don’t Give a Damn,” New York, 14 марта 2013 г.
231
Там же.
232
Есть множество работ об этом важном явлении. См., например: Robert B. Zajonc, “Attitudinal Effects of Mere Exposure,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 9, no. 2 (июнь 1968 г.): 1–27; Robert F. Bornstein and Paul R. D’Agostino, “Stimulus Recognition and the Mere Exposure Effect,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 63, no. 4 (октябрь 1992): 545–52.
233
Nick Baumann, “Apparently We’ve Forgotten Who the Milkens Are,” Mother Jones, 18 августа 2011, www.motherjones.com/2011/08/lowell-milken-institute-ucla
234
Схема финансовой пирамиды, при которой проценты по инвестициям выплачиваются за счет притока взносов новых клиентов. Впервые осуществлена в 1919–1920 гг. в Бостоне Чарльзом Понци (1882–1949). – Прим. ред.
235
Robert B. Cialdini, Influence: Science and Practice, 3rd ed. (New York: HarperCollins, 1993).
236
Например, см.: Edward P. Lazear and Robert L. Moore, “Incentives, Productivity, and Labor Contracts,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 99, no. 2 (май 1984): 275–96.
237
Jeffrey Pfeffer, What Were They Thinking? Unconventional Wisdom about Management (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2007), 82.
238
Uriel Haran, “A Person-Organization Discontinuity in Contract Perception: Why Corporations Can Get Away with Breaking Contracts but Individuals Cannot,” Management Science 59, no. 12 (декабрь 2013 г.): 2837–53.
239
Simon Sinek, Leaders Eat Last: Why Some Teams Pull Together and Others Don’t (New York: Portfolio, 2014).
240
A. Gregory Stone, Robert F. Russell, and Kathleen Patterson, “Transformational versus Servant Leadership: A Difference in Leader Focus,” Leadership & Organization Development Journal 25, no. 4 (2004): 349–61.
241
Jeffrey Pfeffer, The Human Equation: Building Profits by Putting People First (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1998).
242
Robert F. Russell, “The Role of Values in Servant Leadership,” Leadership & Organization Development Journal 22 (2001): 76–84.
243
Steve Denning, “Valuing Employees (Really!): Lessons from India,” Forbes, 5 октября 2011 г., www.forbes.com/sites/stevedenning/2011/10/05/valuing-employees-really-lessons-from-India/
244
См., например: Eugene W. Anderson, Claes Fornell, and Donald R. Lehmann, “Customer Satisfaction, Market Share, and Profitability: Findings from Sweden,” Journal of Marketing 58, no. 3 (июль 1994 г.): 53–66; Eugene W. Anderson, Claes Fornell, Sanal K. Mazvancheryl, “Customer Satisfaction and Shareholder Value,” Journal of Marketing 68, no. 4 (октябрь 2004 г.): 172–85.
245
John Freeman and Michael T. Hannan, “Growth and Decline Processes in Organizations,” American Sociological Review 40, no. 2 (апрель 1975 г.): 215–28.
246
Пример цитируется в: Sam Polk, “For the Love of Money,” New York Times, 18 января 2014 г.
247
Annie Lowrey, “Even among the Richest of the Rich, Fortunes Diverge,” New York Times, 11 февраля 2014 г.
248
Там же.
249
“The Whys and Wherefores of Executive Pay,” Harvard Business Review, июль 2014, 32–33.
250
Elliot Blair Smith, Phil Kuntz, “Disclosed: The Pay Gap between CEOs and Employees,” Bloomberg Businessweek, 2 мая 2013 г.
251
Lowrey, “Even among the Richest.”
252
Henry L. Tosi, Steve Werner, Jeffrey P. Katz, Luis R. Gomez-Mejia, “How Much Does Performance Matter? A Meta-Analysis of CEO Pay Studies,” Journal of Management 26, no. 2 (апрель 2000): 301–39.
253
См., например: Jerry M. Burger, Nicole Messian, Shebani Patel, Alicia del Prado, Carmen Anderson, “What a Coincidence! The Effects of Incidental Similarity on Compliance,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 30, no. 1 (январь 2004): 35–43.
254
Donn Erwin Byrne, The Attraction Paradigm (New York: Academic Press, 1971).
255
Benedict Carey, “You Remind Me of Me,” New York Times, 12 февраля 2008 г.
256
Brett W. Pelham, Mauricio Carvallo, John T. Jones, “Implicit Egotism,” Current Directions in Psychological Science 14, no. 2 (April 2005): 106–10.
257
См., например: James R. Bettman and Barton A. Weitz, “Attributions in the Board Room: Causal Reasoning in Corporate Annual Reports,” Administrative Science Quarterly 28 (1983), 165–83.
258
См., например: Kathleen M. Eisenhardt, “Agency Theory: An Assessment and Review,” Academy of Management Review, 14 (1989), 57–74; Stephen A. Ross, “The Economic Theory of Agency: The Principal’s Problem,” The American Economic Review, 63 (1973), 134–39.
259
“Management by Walking About,” http://www.economist.com/node/12075015, 8 сентября 2008 г.
260
Sandra L. Robinson and Denise M. Rousseau, “Violating the Psychological Contract: Not the Exception but the Norm,” Journal of Organizational Behavior 15 (1994): 245–59.
261
David Cassilo, “For College Scholarship Athletes, Injury Can Spell Financial Disaster,” Daily Caller, 9 ноября 2011 г., http://dailycaller.com/2011/11/09/for-college-scholarship-athletes-injury-can-spell-financial-disaster/
262
http://abcnews.go.com/Health/kevin-ware-injury-draws-attention-ncaa-healthcare-debate
263
Распространенность поведения по собственному желанию хорошо известна. См., например: Cynthia L. Estlund, “Wrongful Discharge Protections in an At-Will World,” Texas Law Review 74, no. 7 (июнь 1996 г.): 1655–92.
264
Louis Uchitelle, The Disposable American: Layoffs and Their Consequences (New York: Random House, 2007).
265
Alvin W. Gouldner, “The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement,” American Sociological Review 25, no. 2 (апрель 1960): 161–78.
266
Joseph Henrich and Natalie Henrich, Why Humans Cooperate: A Cultural and Evolutionary Explanation (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007).
267
Peter Belmi and Jeffrey Pfeffer, “How ‘Organization’ Can Weaken the Norm of Reciprocity: The Effects of Attributions for Favors and a Calculative Mindset,” Academy of Management Discoveries 1, no. 1 (2015): 93–113.
268
Erich Fromm, Escape from Freedom (New York: Ferrar and Rinehart, 1941).
269
Jean Lipman-Blumen, The Allure of Toxic Leaders: Why We Follow Destructive Bosses and Corrupt Politicians – and How We Can Survive Them (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004).
270
Фраза стала особенно популярной после выхода в свет одноименного бестселлера о крахе компании Enron в 2003 г., по которому два года спустя был снят документальный фильм «Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room». – Прим. ред.
271
Neil Torquiano, “Anchorage Workers Protest Firing of Men’s Wearhouse Founder,” KTUU.com, 23 июня 2013 г., http://articles.ktuu.com/2013–06–23/south-anchorage_40151242
272
Там же.
273
James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Random House, 2005).
274
Dale T. Miller, “The Norm of Self-Interest,” American Psychologist 54, no. 12 (декабрь 1999): 1053–60.
275
Rebecca K. Ratner and Dale T. Miller, “The Norm of Self-Interest and Its Effects on Social Action,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81, no. 1 (июль 2001): 5–16.
276
Adam Grant, Give and Take (New York: Viking, 2013).
277
Там же, 4.
278
Дилемма заключенного – фундаментальная проблема теории игр. Она заключается в том, что игроки не всегда будут сотрудничать друг с другом, даже если это в их интересах, поскольку предательство выгоднее, чем сотрудничество. – Прим. ред.
279
Jennifer A. Chatman and Sigal Barsade, “Personality, Organizational Culture, and Cooperation: Evidence from a Business Simulation,” Administrative Science Quarterly 40, no. 3 (сентябрь 1995): 423–43.
280
Warner Wilson, “Reciprocation and Other Techniques for Inducing Cooperation in the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game,” Journal of Conflict Resolution 15, no. 2 (июнь 1971): 167–95.
281
http://www.bartleby.com/73/417.html
282
Niall Doherty, “The Stockdale Paradox,” Disrupting the Rabblement (блог), 19 марта 2010 г., www.ndoherty.com/stockdale-paradox/
283
Peter Burrows, “HP’s Carly Fiorina: The Boss,” BusinessWeek, 2 августа 1999 г.
284
Esther Addley, “Rebekah Brooks: A Ruthless, Charming Super-Schmoozer,” Guardian (U.K.), 8 июля 2011 г.
285
Robert A. Caro, The Path to Power: The Years of Lyndon Johnson (New York: Knopf, 1982).
286
Цитата из Roderick M. Kramer, “The Great Intimidators,” Harvard Business Review, февраль 2006 г.
287
Seymour Hersh, The Price of Power: Kissinger in the Nixon White House (New York: Summit, 1983).
288
Tim Dickinson, “How Roger Ailes Built the Fox News Fear Factory,” Rolling Stone, 25 мая 2011 г., www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/how-roger-ailes-built-the-fox-news-fear-factory-20110525
289
Steve Forbes, John Prevas, “The Price of Arrogance,” Forbes, 18 июня 2009 г., www.forbes.com/2009/06/18/alexander-great-hubris-leadership-power.html
290
Curt Gentry, J. Edgar Hoover: The Man and the Secrets (New York: W. W. Norton, 1991).
291
Joshua Kendall, “The Temper Tantrum: The Key to Smart Management?” Fortune, 22 ноября 2013 г., http://fortune.com/2013/11/22/the-temper-tantrum-the-key-to-smart-management/
292
Там же.
293
Там же.
294
Elizabeth Kolbert, “How Tina Brown Moves Magazines,” New York Times Magazine, 5 декабря 1993 г.
295
John P. Kotter, “Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail,” Harvard Business Review, май 1995 г., 59–67.
296
Geraldine M. Leydon et al., “Cancer Patients’ Information Needs and Information Seeking Behaviour: In Depth Interview Study,” British Medical Journal 320, no. 7239 (1 апреля 2000 г.): 909–13.
297
Elizabeth Warren, A Fighting Chance (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2014).
298
Quoted in Gretchen Morgenson, “From Outside or Inside, the Deck Looks Stacked,” New York Times, 26 апреля 2014 г.
299
Nicole Perlroth, “Solving Problems for Real World, Using Design,” New York Times, 29 декабря 2013 г.
300
Henry Mintzberg, The Nature of Managerial Work (New York: HarperCollins, 1973).
301
Fred Luthans, Stuart A. Rosenkrantz, Harry W. Hennessey, “What Do Successful Managers Really Do? An Observation Study of Managerial Activities,” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 21, no. 3 (июль 1985 г.): 255.
302
Warren Bennis, Why Leaders Can’t Lead: The Unconscious Conspiracy Continues (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1989), 14.
303
Robert Kramer, “Book Review: ‘Why Leaders Can’t Lead: The Unconscious Conspiracy Continues’,” Journal of Management 16, no. 4 (декабрь 1990 г.): 869–79.
304
Atul Gawande, Complications: A Surgeon’s Notes on an Imperfect Science (New York: Profile, 2010).
305
Sam Borden, “Where Dishonesty Is Best Policy, U. S. Soccer Falls Short,” New York Times, 15 июня 2014 г.
306
Там же.
307
John T. Scott, Robert Zaretsky, “Why Machiavelli Still Matters,” New York Times, 9 декабря 2013 г.
308
Поправка, запрещавшая рабство и принудительный труд. Принята в 1865 г. – Прим. пер.
309
Doris Kearns Goodwin, Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005).
310
Michael Ignatieff, “Machiavelli Was Right,” The Atlantic, декабрь 2013 г., 42.
311
К. Reiser, “Oversimplification of Diet: Coronary Heart Disease Relationships and Exaggerated Diet Recommendations,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 31, no. 5 (1 мая 1978 г.): 865–75.
312
Deborah H. Gruenfeld, “Status, Ideology, and Integrative Complexity on the U. S. Supreme Court: Rethinking the Politics of Political Decision-Making,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 68, no. 1 (январь 1995 г.): 5–20.
313
Цитата из книги А. И. Солженицына «Архипелаг ГУЛАГ». – Прим. пер.
314
Jim Collins and Jerry I. Porras, Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies (New York: HarperBusiness, 1994).
315
Charles L. Bosk, Forgive and Remember: Managing Medical Failure, 2nd. ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003).
316
John A. Byrne, Chainsaw: The Notorious Career of Al Dunlap in the Era of Profit-At-Any-Price (New York: HarperBusiness, 1999).
317
Jonathan Mahler, “The Coach Who Exploded,” New York Times Magazine, 6 ноября 2013 г.
318
Там же.
319
Fred Luthans, Robert Kreitner, Organizational Behavior Modification (Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman, 1975).
320
David Carr, “Why Not Occupy Newsrooms?” New York Times, 23 октября 2011 г.
321
Andrew Ross Sorkin, “ ‘Tainted,’ but Still Serving on Corporate Boards,” New York Times, 23 апреля 2012 г.
322
Там же.
323
Susan Craig, Peter Lattman, “Companies May Fail, but Directors Are in Demand,” New York Times, 14 сентября 2010 г.
324
Steven M. Davidoff, “Little Accountability for Directors, Despite Poor Performance,” New York Times, 5 апреля 2013 г.
325
Steven M. Davidoff, Andrew Lund, Robert J. Schonlau, “Do Outside Directors Face Labor Market Consequences? A Natural Experiment from the Financial Crisis,” Harvard Business Law Review (forthcoming), available at http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2200552
326
Andrew Ross Sorkin, “A Reputation, Once Sullied, Acquires a New Shine,” New York Times, 18 февраля 2013 г.
327
Там же.
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