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1
Стивенсон «Стив» Форбс, младший (Malcolm Stevenson Forbes, Jr, род. в 1947 г.) – американский издатель, бизнесмен и политик. Главный редактор журнала Forbes. Дважды выдвигался кандидатом в президенты США от Республиканской партии.
2
Джанет Йеллен (Janet Yellen; род. в 1946 г.) – американский экономист, глава Федеральной резервной системы США с 2014 г. (Здесь и далее примечания сделаны редакцией.)
3
Бен Бернанке (Ben Bernanke; род. в 1953 г.) – американский экономист, председатель совета управляющих Федеральной резервной системы США в 2006–2014 гг.
4
Милтон Фридман (Milton Friedman; 1912–2006) – американский экономист, лауреат Нобелевской премии по экономике, создатель теории монетаризма.
5
Джон Кейнс (John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes; 1883–1946) – английский экономист, основатель кейнсианского направления в экономической теории, один из основателей макроэкономики.
6
Йозеф Шумпетер (Joseph Alois Schumpeter; 1883–1950) – австрийский и американский экономист и социолог. Ввел в оборот термины «креативное разрушение» и «элитарная демократия».
7
Экстренная правительственная помощь проблемным банкам (bail-out activities) осуществлялась в виде предоставления кредитов и залогов, обеспеченных государственными облигациями, и выкупа проблемных ипотечных активов. Всего в рамках Плана спасения финансовой системы США (план Полсона) ФРС США предоставила банкам займы на сумму $700 млрд.
8
Пол Самуэльсон (Paul Anthony Samuelson; 1915–2009) – американский экономист, лауреат Нобелевской премии по экономике (1970 г.), автор книги «Экономика: вводный анализ».
9
ЧНП, чистый национальный продукт (NNP, Net National Product) – совокупная рыночная стоимость всех товаров и услуг, произведенных внутри страны, за вычетом амортизации.
10
Джордж Гилдер (George Franklin Gilder; род. в 1939 г.) – американский инвестор, экономист, писатель.
11
Уоррен Брукс (Warren T. Brookes; 1929–1991) – американский колумнист, журналист.
12
Джуд Ванниски (Jude Thaddeus Wanniski; 1936–2005) – американский журналист, экономист.
13
Рувен Бреннер (Reuven Brenner; род. в 1947 г.) – израильско-канадский экономист.
14
«Исследование о природе и причинах богатства народов» (An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations) – основной труд основоположника политической экономии шотландца Адама Смита (1723–1790).
15
«Просачивающаяся по швам экономика» (trickle-down econоmics) – одна из идей «рейганомики», экономической доктрины президента США Рональда Рейгана (1981–1989). Согласно ей, блага от снижения налогов для богатых «просачиваются» к бедным. Сторонники этого подхода утверждают, что снижение налогов для богатых стимулирует приток инвестиций в производство, экономический рост и как следствие рост зарплат.
16
Фредерик Бастиа (Frederic Bastiat; 1801–1850) – французский либеральный экономист, сторонник свободной торговли. В памфлете «Что видно и чего не видно» (1850) он описывал ситуацию, когда мальчик разбил окно в булочной. Булочник нанял стекольщика (мы видим, что стекольщик стал богаче). При этом булочник не смог купить новые сапоги (мы не видим, что таким образом он стал беднее). «Вся разница между плохими и хорошими экономистами в том, что первые замечают лишь очевидные последствия, а вторые принимают в расчет также и те, которые надо предвидеть». Роль запретителя-разрушителя в системе взглядов Бастиа играет государство – «огромная фикция, посредством которой все пытаются жить за счет других».
17
Людвиг фон Мизес (Ludwig von Mises; 1881–1973) – экономист, философ, сторонник классического либерализма. Наряду с Ф. фон Хайеком один из основателей философии либертарианства.
18
Аллан Слоан (Allan Sloan; род. в 1966 г.) – американский журналист, редактор, телекомментатор (Fortune, Newsweek, NPR).
19
Майкл Делл (Michael Dell; род. в 1965 г.) – основатель и руководитель компьютерной компании Dell.
20
Роберт Бартли (Robert Bartley; 1937–2003) – американский журналист и экономический обозреватель, лауреат Пулитцеровской премии.
21
Суперкубок (Super Bowl) – встреча команд-победительниц Национальной и Американской конференций американского футбола после окончания сезона в НФЛ. Матчи за Супер Боул и празднование этого события проходят с 1967 г., всегда по воскресеньям («воскресенье Супер Боул») и пользуются огромной популярностью в США.
22
Джон Милль (John Stewart Mill; 1806–1873) – британский философ и экономист. Сторонник идей либерализма и примата индивидуальной свободы над неограниченным контролем государства.
23
Говард Кершнер (Howard E. Kershner; 1892–1990) – американский предприниматель, экономист, консервативный публицист, известный поборник экономических свобод.
24
Митт Ромни (Willard Mitt Romney; род. в 1947 г.) – американский политик и предприниматель. Кандидат в президенты США от Республиканской партии на выборах 2012 г. Состояние Ромни оценивается в $200 млн (2011).
25
Бенджамин Андерсон (Benjamin Anderson; 1886–1949) – американский экономист, последователь австрийской школы.
26
Ник Коконас (Nick Kokonas) – современный американский ресторатор и предприниматель.
27
Сэмюэл Джонсон (Samuel Johnson; 1709–1784) – английский литературный критик, лексикограф и поэт.
28
Эдвард («Тед») Кеннеди (Edward Moore «Ted» Kennedy; 1932–2009) – американский политик, сенатор (1962–2009 гг.). Член Демократической партии. Брат президента США Дж. Кеннеди и сенатора Р. Кеннеди.
29
Орентал Джеймс «О. Джей» Симпсон (Orenthal James «O. J.» Simpson; род. в 1947) – американский актер и профессиональный футболист, обвиненный в убийстве жены и ее любовника, но усилиями адвокатов оправданный и выплативший $38 млн штрафа. В 2008 г. суд Лас-Вегаса приговорил О. Джей Симпсона к 33 годам заключения за участие в вооруженном ограблении и похищении людей.
30
«There Must Be a Pony in Here Somewhere» – фраза из популярного анекдота про оптимистичного мальчика, который, обнаружив под рождественской елкой вместо подарков кучу навоза, роется в ней, восклицая: «Где-то здесь должна быть пони!» – Прим. пер.
31
Джон Гэлбрейт (John Galbraith; 1908–2006) – канадско-американский экономист, политик, дипломат, активный сторонник идей американского (социального) либерализма.
32
Том Питерс, Роберт Уотерман-мл. В поисках совершенства. Уроки самых успешных компаний Америки (In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America's Best Run Companies). – М.: Альпина Паблишер, 2014.
33
Жан-Батист Сэй (Jean-Baptiste Say; 1767–1832) – французский экономист, представитель классической школы политэкономии.
34
Дональд Бодро (Donald Joseph Boudreaux; род. 1958 г.) – современный американский экономист и публицист.
35
Билл Махер (William «Bill» Maher, Jr; род. 1956 г.) – американский комедийный актер, телеведущий, либеральный политический комментатор.
36
Трагедия общин, трагедия ресурсов общего пользования (Tragedy of the Commons) – последствия противоречий между интересами членов общины относительно ресурсов общего пользования, обычно приводящие к истощению ресурса. Например, свободный доступ уничтожает общее пастбище, поскольку издержки содержания ресурса нельзя возложить на конкретных членов общины.
37
Фредерик Бастиа (Frederic Bastiat; 1801–1850) – французский экономист, сторонник тезиса о взаимовыгодном сосуществовании труда и капитала, предшественник Австрийской экономической школы.
38
Кривая Филлипса – графическое отображение предполагаемой обратной зависимости между уровнем инфляции и уровнембезработицы. Предложена в 1958 г. Уильямом Филлипсом, выведшим корреляционную зависимость между уровнем безработицы и изменением прироста заработной платы. Согласно Милтону Фридману в долгосрочном периоде зависимость между уровнем инфляции и уровнем безработицы отсутствует.
39
Уотергейтский скандал (Watergate scandal) – политический скандал в США в 1972–1974 гг., закончившийся уходом в отставку президента Ричарда Никсона. Единственный случай, когда президент США добровольно сложил с себя полномочия.
40
Алексис де Токвиль (Alexis de Tocqueville; 1805–1859) – французский политик, министр иностранных дел Франции (1849 г.), автор трактата «Демократия в Америке» (1835, 1840).
41
Генри «Хэнк» Полсон (Henry Merritt «Hank» Paulson Jr.; род. в 1946 г.) – министр финансов США (2006–2009 гг.), член совета управляющих МВФ. В 1998–2006 гг. глава банка Goldman Sachs.
42
Альберт Нок (Albert Jay Nock; 1870–1945) – американский анархист-либертарианец, педагог.
1
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2
Keith Richards, Life (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2010), 289.
3
Keith Richards, Life (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2010), 289.
4
Keith Richards, Life (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2010), 102.
5
Keith Richards, Life (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2010), 103.
6
Richard Verrier, «Making film deals with tax credits,» Los Angeles Times, December 26, 2013.
7
Richard Verrier, «Making film deals with tax credits,» Los Angeles Times, December 26, 2013.
8
Rob Low, Stories I Only Tell My Friends (New York: Henry Holt, 2011), 131.
9
Verrier, «Making film deals with tax credits.»
10
Verrier, «Making film deals with tax credits.»
11
Andy Kessler, «The Transportation Trustbuster,» The Wall Street Journal, January 25, 2013.
12
Alexis Tsotsis, «Uber Gets $32M From Menlo Ventures, Jeff Bezos, And GoldmanSachs,» Tech Crunch, 7 декабря, 2011, http://techcrunch.com/2011/12/07/uber-announces-32-million-in-funding/.
13
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14
Robert Bartley, The Seven Fat Years (New York: The Free Press, 1992), 142.
15
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16
Mary Bellis, «The Duryea Brothers – Automobile History,» About.com Inventors, http://inventors.about.com/od/dstartinventors/a/DuryeaBrothers.htm.
17
Mark Spitznagel, The Dao of Capital (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2013), 178.
18
Mark Spitznagel, The Dao of Capital (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2013), 180.
19
Tim Reuter and Brian Tan, «The Fall and Rise of Detroit? Cartels, Cronies, and Uber Cars,» Forbes, June 5, 2013.
20
Spitznagel, 182.
21
Spitznagel, 182.
22
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23
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24
Spitznagel, 185–186.
25
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26
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27
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28
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29
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30
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31
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32
Allan Sloan, «A plea to learn about Bezos's personal politics,» Washington Post, August 15, 2013.
33
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34
Kara Swisher, «New Yorker: Bezos' Initial Google Investment Was $250K in 1998 Because 'I Just Fell in Love With Larry and Sergey,'» 5 октября, 2009, All Things D, http://allthingsd.com/20091005/new-yorker-bezos-initial-google-investment-was-250000-in-1998-because-i-just-fell-in-love-with-larry-and-sergey/.
35
Julianne Pepitone и Stacy Cawley, «Facebook's first big investor, Peter Thiel, cashes out,» CNNMoney, 20 августа, 2012, http://money.cnn.com/2012/08/20/technology/facebook-peter-thiel/.
36
Dawn Kawamoto, Ben Heskett, and Mike Ricciuti, «Microsoft to invest $150 million in Apple,» CNET, 6 августа, 1997, http://news.cnet.com/2100-1001-202143.html.
37
http://www.waymarking.com/gallery/image.aspx?f=1&guid=25aaa5cd-3321-4841-8f38-8d20b12eb62f&gid=3.
38
C. J. Maloney, Back to the Land (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2011), 2.
39
C. J. Maloney, Back to the Land (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2011), 2.
40
Dennis Cauchon, «Federal pay ahead of private industry,» USA Today, March 8, 2010.
41
Tim Harford, «Adapt: Why Success Always Starts with Failure» (New York: Picador,2012), 10.
42
Robert L. Bartley, The Seven Fat Years (New York: The Free Press, 1992), 142.
43
Joe Stephens and Carol D. Leonnig, «Solyndra tried to influence Energy Department,e-mails show,» Washington Post, November 16, 2011.
44
John Balassi и Josie Cox, «Apple wows market with record $17 billion bond deal,»Reuters, 30 апреля, 2013, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/04/30/us-apple-debt-idUSBRE93T10B20130430.
45
John Letzing «Google makes its first debt offering,» MarketWatch, 16 мая, 2011, http://www.marketwatch.com/story/google-makes-its-first-debt-offering-2011-05-16.
46
List of National Debt by Country: http://www.economicshelp.org/blog/774/economics/list-of-national-debt-by-country/.
47
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48
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49
Rich Cohen, «The Girls of Winter,» Vanity Fair, February 2014.
50
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51
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52
Forbes
53
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54
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55
Jim Dent, King of the Cowboys (Avon, MA: Adams Publishing, 1995), 94–95.
56
Jim Dent, King of the Cowboys (Avon, MA: Adams Publishing, 1995), 97.
57
Jim Dent, King of the Cowboys (Avon, MA: Adams Publishing, 1995), 104.
58
Jim Dent, King of the Cowboys (Avon, MA: Adams Publishing, 1995), 98.
59
Jim Dent, King of the Cowboys (Avon, MA: Adams Publishing, 1995), 110.
60
Jim Dent, King of the Cowboys (Avon, MA: Adams Publishing, 1995), 109.
61
Keith Richards, Life (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2010), 289.
62
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63
Dent, 98.
64
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65
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66
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67
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71
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72
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73
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74
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75
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76
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77
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78
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80
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81
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82
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83
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86
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88
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89
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93
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espn.com.
95
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96
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97
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98
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99
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100
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101
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102
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103
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104
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106
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107
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108
Foroohar, «Janet Yellen: The 16 Trillion Dollar Woman.»
109
Howard E. Kershner, Dividing the Wealth: Are You Getting Your Share? (Old Greenwich,CT: Devin-Adair Company, 1971), 32.
110
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111
Denton and Morris, The Money and the Power, 8.
112
Denton and Morris, The Money and the Power, 364.
113
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114
Enrico Moretti, The New Geography of Jobs (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing, 2012), 23.
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116
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Howard E. Kershner, Dividing the Wealth (Old Greenwich, CT: Devin-Adair Company,1971), 133–134.
331
Thomas E. Woods, Meltdown: A Free Market Look at Why the Stock Market Collapsed, the Economy Tanked, and Government Bailouts Will Make Things Worse (Washington, DC: Regnery, 2009).
332
John Tamny, «Blame the Media For Bush's Low Economic Ratings?» National ReviewOnline, June 12, 2006, http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/217906/blame-media-bushs-low-economic-ratings/john-tamny.
333
John Tamny, «Misplaced Hand Wringing Over Housing,» TCS Daily, October 30, 2007, http://www.ideasinactiontv.com/tcs_daily/2007/10/misplaced-hand-wringing-over-housing.html.
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Michael Lewis, The Big Short (New York: Allen Lane, 2010), 65.
335
Tunku Varadarajan, «'Nationalize' the Banks,» The Wall Street Journal, February 21, 2009.
336
John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2004), 98.
337
John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2004), 132.
338
John Tamny and Richard Vedder, «The Role of Labor Policy,» Council On Foreign Relations, http://www.cfr.org/united-states/role-labor-policy/p18983.
339
Benjamin M. Anderson, Economics and the Public Welfare (Indianapolis: Liberty Press, 1949), 92.
340
Benjamin M. Anderson, Economics and the Public Welfare (Indianapolis: Liberty Press, 1949), 92.
341
Benjamin M. Anderson, Economics and the Public Welfare (Indianapolis: Liberty Press, 1949), 366.
342
Benjamin M. Anderson, Economics and the Public Welfare (Indianapolis: Liberty Press, 1949), 372.
343
Amity Shlaes, The Forgotten Man: A New History of the Great Depression (New York: Harper Perennial, 2008).
344
Transcript, «President George W. Bush's speech to the nation on the economic crisis,» http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/24/business/economy/24text-bush.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.
345
Albert Jay Nock, Our Enemy, The State (Caldwell, ID: The Caxton Printers, 1935), 197.
346
Barack Obama's 2009 State of the Union Speech, http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/01/27/sotu.transcript/.
347
Nock, Our Enemy, The State, 151.
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